School environments incorporate a system of rules and values with which each student interacts on a daily basis. This system contributes to the socio-educational environment and the academic life of young people at school. This socio-educational environment includes the school climate, which refers to the quality of the experience for students and school staff. It refers to the standards, aspirations, values, interpersonal relationships and opinions held in relation to teaching and the rules established in the environment concerning school life. Not all students will perceive their school climate in the same way. Some may feel that their environment is welcoming and safe for them, while others will have perceptions that are the opposite. In particular, many 2SLGBTQIA+ (two-spirited, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex and asexual) students, which includes a minority of trans and/or non-binary students, perceive their school as less welcoming and safe than their cisgender or heterosexual peers.In order to gain a better understanding of these phenomena, several authors have taken an interest in the specific construct of the school gender climate, which represents an important facet of a school's climate. The school gender climate refers to the general culture of gender identity and gender expression in a school. It also includes rules about how students should appear according to their biological sex, sexual orientation or gender identity. This field of research is still in its infancy, and the concept of a gendered school climate needs to be better understood in order to identify the factors that might actually contribute to young people's experience of school, particularly that of trans and/or non-binary young people.
Félix Bélanger is a doctoral student in psycho-education at the Université de Montréal. He is passionate about research with vulnerable populations, including 2SLGBTQIA+ people and young people with adjustment difficulties in the school environment. Her research projects focus on the school gender climate among cisgender, trans and non-binary young people, and the health of individuals with minority status. These projects are supported by her clinical experience as a counsellor in a number of settings, as well as an interdisciplinary theoretical framework that includes gender as a social construct, minority stress theory, and the theory of person-environment matching in a psycho-educational context.